塔河油田深抽工艺技术及应用

Deep pumping technology in Tahe oilfield and its application

塔河油田主力区块为具有底水的奥陶系碳酸盐岩岩溶缝洞型油藏。随着油井供液能力的下降,部分机采井动液面已经逐渐下降到常规有杆泵泵挂极限深度。针对塔河油田深抽过程中面临的有杆泵下深受限,泵效低,杆柱负荷大,防气难度大的举升工艺现状,开展了一系列深抽工艺技术的研究与应用,实现了有杆泵的5 300 m最大下深和套管未回接井的深抽,保证了供液不足油井的连续生产。在深抽工艺技术大力开展的过程中,杆式泵深抽效果明显,具有检泵时不需要起下机抽管柱,作业效率高,作业成本低等特点。目前已形成了超深杆式泵配套封隔器保护套管深抽和超深杆式泵+气锚(配套毛细管排气)+封隔器保护套管等杆式泵深抽工艺技术。为解决有杆泵泵挂深度和泵排量矛盾的问题,将开展电泵深抽和大泵径杆式泵深抽技术的研究。

The main block of Tahe oilfield belongs to Ordovician carbonate karst fracture-cavity reservoirs with bottom water. With the decline of well deliverability, the dynamic fluid levels of partial mechanical recovery wells have decreased gradually to the limit depth of pump-setting depth of rod pumps. Against the problems in lifting technology status like limited pump setting depth of rod pumps, low pump efficiency, big rod load and difficuh gas-proof in the deep pumping process in Tahe oilfield, a series of deep pumping technologies have been researched and applied. As a result, deep pumping with rod pump of maximum depth of 5300 m and without casing inoculation was realized, ensuring the continuous production of the oil wells with insufficient deliverability. The wide application of deep pumping technology witnessed the obvious effects of deep pumping of rod pumps, which was characterized with dispensable rising and lowering tubing in pump checks, high operation efficiency and low operation costs. Until now, the rod pump deep pumping technology like extra-deep rod pump supporting the packer to protect casing and extra-deep rod pump match- ing gas anchor （matching capillary to discharge gas） supporting the packer to protect casing has formed. In order to resolve the con- tradiction between pump setting depth of rod pump and pump displacement, the deep pumping technology of electric pump and bull rod pump will be developed in future.