宁夏地区奶牛不同饲养模式生鲜乳成分及收购状况调查

The investigation of fresh milk ingredients and its purchase profile from different modes of rearing in Ningxia region

为了解宁夏不同饲养模式生鲜乳成分及收购状况,研究针对宁夏荷斯坦奶牛养殖的3种饲养模式(分别是规模场、小区、散户养殖)在2008—2009年间的饲养状况、生鲜乳成分、收购情况、日粮饲喂状况等进行了调查、统计、分析和研究。结果表明:规模场、小区、散户养殖生鲜乳的乳蛋白率分别为3.073 7%、3.037 5%、2.858 3%;乳脂率为3.641 2%、3.568 8%、3.435 0%;乳糖率分别为4.796 3%、4.686 3%、4.715 0%;非脂乳固体分别为8.505 0%、8.645 0%、8.161 7%;生鲜乳的价格分别为2.943 7,2.395 0,2.366 7元/kg。规模养殖场生鲜乳的乳蛋白率、非脂乳固体均极显著高于散户(P<0.01),乳脂率显著高于散户(P<0.05),生鲜乳价格显著高于小区、散户养殖(P<0.05)。

The study was conducted to understand the status of fresh milk ingredients and its purchase from different modes of rearing in Ningxia region.The present investigation was carried out in 33 scaled farms of Holstein cows from three different searing styles in Ningxia from 2008 to 2009,including fresh milk ingredients,purchase proile,diet composition.The results showed as follow： the dairy protein rate of fresh milk were 3.073 7%,3.037 5% and 2.858 3%,respectively;the butterfat rate were 3.641 2%,3.568 8% and 3.435 0%,respectively;the lactose rate were 4.796 3%,4.686 3% and 4.715 0%,respectively;the non-fat milk solids were 8.505 0%,8.645 0% and 8.161 7%,respectively;the fresh milk prices were 2.943 7 yuan/kg,2.395 0 yuan/kg,and 2.366 7 yuan/kg,respectively.The fresh milk protein rate,butterfat rate,and no fat milk solids in the scaled farming were all significantly higher than that of in backyard（P〈0.01 for fresh milk protein rate,P〈0.05 for butterfat rate,and P〈0.01 for no fat milk solids,respectively）.Accordingly fresh milk prices in the scaled were also clearly higher,compared with that of in district and backyard（P〈0.05）.