论欧盟公共采购法采购主体的界定标准及其对我国的借鉴意义

Defining Criterion of Contracting Entities in EU Public Procurement Law and Its Model Significance for China

欧盟公共采购法包括三类主体——公共部门、经营四个指定公用事业行业的公共企业和在政府授予的特殊或排他性权利基础上开展经营的私有企业。其中将公共部门纳入政府采购是由于委托—代理关系的存在,而将企业纳入政府采购是为了防止政府对企业的采购过程施加影响。相比之下我国政府采购法规定的采购主体仅限于公共部门的范畴,这是由我国目前的社会经济发展需要决定的。政府采购法的采购主体制度不是一成不变的,应随着社会经济发展需要的变化而发展变迁,我国国有企业改革完成后,也应将国有企业按照不同性质进行分类,一部分由竞争法调整,一部分纳入政府采购法的调整范围。

There are three kinds of contracting entities defined by the public procurement law of EU,including authorities,public enterprises running four destined utilities and private enterprises who run on the basis of special of exclusive rights granted by the authorities.Because of the existence of principal-agent relationship,authorities are covered;and the enterprises are governed by public procurement law in case the authorities have any inappropriate influence over procurement cause.In comparison the procuring entities required by government procurement law of China are limited to authorities,which is destined by the social economic developing requirement of our country.The system of procuring entities of government procurement law is not rigid,but improving with the development of social economic requirement.After the reform of state-owned enterprises of China has finished,we should put specific state-owned enterprises under the jurisdiction of government procurement law.