也论朱子对《周易参同契》的整理

On Zhu Xi’s Collation of Zhouyi can tong qi Again

本文系对"朱子删改《参同契》文本说"的回应。该说法认为,朱子以宋代之后才出现的"先天方位"思想作为诠释《参同契》思想的基本方向,为弥合其注释与正文之间的矛盾,朱子有选择地删改了《参同契》的文本。本文对该说的几个主要论据做出回应:针对在朱子之前《参同契》文本不稳定的观点,本文指出,《参同契》文本在唐代已经基本稳定,而唐宋之际阐发《参同契》的文献大量出现,导致了《参同契》与之相混同的现象;针对朱子首次把《参同契》所本无的"先天方位"思想强加到对《参同契》的解释中的说法,本文指出,在朱子之前已有先例以"乾坤坎离"释《参同契》的"牝牡四卦"的说法,而《参同契》本身也是陈抟、邵雍"先天方位"说的思想来源之一;最后,本文还就"朱子删改《参同契》文本说"的具体条目做出了分析,指出其判断多有失误。

This paper is a response to the conclusion that Zhu Xi had bowdlerized the text of Zhouyi can tong qi. According to this con- clusion, Zhu Xi （ 1130-1200） took the prenatal thought which was alleged not coming into being until the Song dynasty （960-1279）as his fundamental orientation in interpreting Can tong qi, and to solve the contradiction between the Text and his interpretations Zhu Xi bowdlerized the Text. This paper refutes this conclusion from its main testimonies. Aiming to the inference of the conclusion that before the time of Zhu Xi the text of Can tong qi had not been finalized, this paper demonstrates that the text of Can tong qi had already been fundamentally stabilized in the Tang dynasty （618-907 ） and a great number of works interpreting Can tong qi came out in the turn between the Tang and Song dynasties which led to the mixture of the Text and interpretations. Aiming to the viewpoint that Zhu Xi first imposed the idea of prenatal positions credited to Chen Tuan （871-989） and Shoo Yang （1011-1077） to Can tong qi, this paper points out that before Zhu Xi there had been not few cases interpreting Can tong qi with so-called the prenatal positions and Can tong qi itself was one of the sources of Cben and Shao＇s idea of the prenatal positions. At last, this paper also illustrates and analyzes some items from the assertion that Zhu Xi had bowdlerized Can tong qi so as to verify the mistakes made in the conclusion.