上海世博会中国国内旅游者空间行为研究

Spatial Behavior of Chinese Domestic Tourists of Shanghai World Expo

通过实地问卷调查方法获取旅游者行为数据,运用空间使用曲线、客源吸引半径、游憩活动空间等方法,阐述了重大事件型目的地——上海世博会国内旅游者的客源地空间分布、游憩活动空间、空间行为模式等。结果显示,上海世博会国内客源市场空间分布广泛,距离衰减现象明显,空间使用曲线是Boltzman型和基本型的复合,世博会的引力场半径为1 400 km;基于旅游目的地,世博会旅游者的旅游行为具有明确的世博会目的地指向性,旅游者在上海市域内的主要目的地是世博会,向长三角城市扩散基本上以苏州、杭州为中心向外呈同心圆衰减,游憩活动空间不连续;世博会旅游者空间行为模式以直游式、直游—周游式为主,旅游者个体属性不同,空间行为模式有一定差异。

Tourists′ spatial behavior is one of the most important research fields of human geography.Studies have focused on the tourists′spatial behavior of scenic spots and urban destinations,but few about event tourists′ spatial behavior.This paper studies the domestic tourists′ spatial behavior characteristics of 2010 Shanghai World Expo,which belongs to the mega-event destination.Through the on-the-spot survey to obtain tourists′ behavior data,the paper expounds recreational activity space based on tourist origins,tourism destinations and spatial behavior patterns of domestic tourists of Shanghai World Expo,utilizing methods such as spatial use curve,attraction radius and isotourist line.Firstly,it is found that tourist origins are widely distributed in the space,the Yangtze River Delta is the major tourists source markets.Shanghai World Expo domestic tourists′ distance decay is obvious with a certain degree of volatility.Spatial distance of the peak tourists flow is at 300 km from Shanghai,with the increase of spatial distance,the proportion of tourists swiftly increases within 300 km from Shanghai,while the proportion of tourists gradually decreases outside 300 km,and its spatial use curve is complex,which is the compound Boltzman type and basic type.Population scale,economic level and spatial distance are the main factors impacting the spatial distribution of domestic tourists.The attraction radius of World Expo is 1 400 km.Secondly,in view of tourism destinations,Shanghai Expo tourists′behavior has a clear destination point to the World Expo.Shanghai World Expo is the main destination selected by tourists in Shanghai City,fewer tourists choose to go to other scenic spots.The secondary destinations of Shanghai World Expo tourists are located in the Yangtze River Delta,and are conscentrated on Suzhou and Hangzhou.Those tourists＇recreational activity space is discontinuous,which is attenuated outward concentrically as Suzhou and Hangzhou for centers.Thirdly,Direct Route pattern and Partial Orbit pattern are the main spatial behavior patterns of World Expo tourists.Tourists′ spatial behavior is influenced by their individual characteristics.