西藏中部巴木错湖泊面积变化及其原因分析

Area Variation and Its Causes of Bamu Co Lake in the Central Tibet

受气候变化影响,西藏中部内陆湖泊在最近10 a来出现了水位上涨、湖面扩大等情况。采用遥感技术及统计学方法分析了西藏中部巴木错湖泊面积年内、年际变化及其原因。结果表明:①湖泊周边班戈站的年降水量、年平均气温、年平均地温以及年平均相对湿度等呈现增加趋势,年平均风速显现下降趋势;②2009年的面积在2月、5月和8月出现了三个"峰值",主要与湖面封冻、气温升高及降水增加等有关,年际变化呈逐步增加趋势;③经线性相关、多元回归等分析发现,年内变化受各月面降水量AP、蒸发量E和气温T的影响,合计贡献率为90.0%,排序为AP>E>T;年际变化受年平均风速SWS、7月降水量P7、平均地温ST和气温T的影响,合计贡献率为65.2%,排序为SWS>P7>ST>T。

Some inland lakes located in eastern Qiang-tang Plateau of Tibet were enlarged in the last decade due to the climate change. The paper mainly focus on analyzing the Bamu Co lake area monthly and yearly variation and its causes based on the remote sensing technique and correlation analysis. The major results could be summarized as follows： 1 ） The gauged annual precipitation, air temperature, soil temperature and relative humidity of Bange meteorological station were increased, while the wind speed was gradually decreased; 2） There are three maximum values of lake area in February, May and August of 2009, respectively because of fully freeze lake, rising air temperature and the monsoon precipitation as well. 3 ） According to statistical analysis, the month- ly variation of the lake area was controlled by three variables, and they totally contribute 90. 0% of water supply which is in annual precipitation 〉 evaporation 〉 temperature, and the annual variation was influenced by four variables,contribute 65.2% and in wind speed of Shenzha Station 〉 precipitation in July 〉 soil temperature 〉 temperature.