外源激素复配剂对早稻籽粒灌浆特性的影响

Effect of Exogenous Phytohormone Compounds on Grain-filling of Early Rice

在早稻始穗期及齐穗后一周内叶面喷施4种外源激素复配剂,研究了它们对早稻产量、强弱势粒中蔗糖、淀粉积累的影响,并用Richards方程对不同粒位的灌浆过程进行统计回归分析。结果表明:4种复配剂均提高了籽粒灌浆速率,促进了蔗糖转化、淀粉积累,提高了结实率、充实度和产量。与对照相比,喷施外源激素使强、弱势粒的生长终值量分别提高1.77%～2.52%和8.03%～22.49%;强、弱势粒的起始生长势分别提高0.29%～6.56%和3.74%～26.06%;强、弱势粒的最大灌浆速率分别提高5.86%～16.12%和4.63%～27.38%;强、弱势粒的平均灌浆速率分别提高2.78%～17.64%和6.08%～18.12%。外源激素对弱势粒的灌浆特性影响较强势粒大。4种复配剂对早稻的增产效果为GA3+6-BA+BR>GA3+BR>6-BA+BR>GA3+6-BA,其中,GA3+6-BA+BR增产高达9.14%。

To clarify the effects of 4 kinds of exogenous phytohormone compounds（PCs） on the yield,sucrose and amylum accumulation in grain of early rice,an experiment was conducted by spraying exogenous PCs at the initial heading stage and full heading stage,and the experimental data were simulated and analyzed with Richards equation.The results indicated that spraying 4 kinds of exogenous PCs all enhanced the grain-filling rate,accelerated the transformation of sucrose and accumulation of amylum,increased seed setting rate,grain plumpness and yield.As compared with the control,the treatments of spraying PCs enhanced the growth capacity of superior grains and inferior grains by 1.77%~2.52% and 8.03%~22.49% respectively,the initial grain-filling potential of superior grains and inferior grains by 0.29%~6.56% and 3.74%~26.06% respectively,the maximum grain-filling rate of superior grains and inferior grains by 5.86%~16.12% and 4.63%~27.38% separately,and the mean grain-filling rate of superior grains and inferior grains by 2.78%~17.64% and 6.08%~18.12% separately.It was found that the PCs more evidently affected the grain-filling characteristics of inferior grains than superior grains.The yield-increasing effect of 4 kinds of PCs had the following order： GA3＋6-BA＋BR GA3＋BR 6-BA＋BR GA3＋6-BA,and the treatment of GA3＋6-BA＋BR increased yield by 9.14%.