研发外包中的“囚徒困境”问题

"Prisoner’s Dilemma" in Outsourcing of Research and Development

知识信息共享和密切合作是研发外包的内在要求,但是,由于信息不对称和合作各方自身利益最大化的驱使,研发外包面临逆向选择风险、知识产权风险、道德风险等问题,从而阻碍了知识共享和合作,导致研发外包陷入"囚徒困境"的低效状态。本文探讨了研发外包中"囚徒困境"的产生机制和原因,并提出了突破"囚徒困境"的策略。

Sharing of knowledge and information and close cooperation are the inherent requirements of outsourcing of research and development （R＆D）. But R＆D outsourcing suffers poor efficiency named ＂prisoner＇s dilemma＂ because sharing and cooperation of knowledge is hindered by many problems, such as risks of adverse selection, intellectual property infringe- ment and moral hazard, which are caused by asymmetries of information and pursuits of maximizing the interests of cooperative parties. This paper discusses the causes and the mechanism of ＂prisoner＇s dilemma＂ and also advances strategies of breaking through the dilemma.