硫化矿浮选体系中金属离子对石英浮选行为的影响

Influence of metal ions on floatability of quartz in flotation of sulfide ores

基于硫化矿物浮选过程中,尽管硫化矿物与石英的可浮性差异很大,但二氧化硅仍是硫化矿精矿中含量最高的杂质组分,是影响硫化矿物精矿质量的主要因素,对硫化矿物浮选体系中常见金属离子存在条件下戊基黄药浮选石英的行为规律进行了研究。研究结果表明:导致硫化矿精矿中石英含量高的主要原因之一是硫化矿浮选体系中存在的某些金属对石英具有活化浮选作用;Fe3+,Pb2+和Cu2+在合适的pH区间可以活化石英的浮选,而Ca2+,Mg2+和Fe2+对其可浮性没有明显影响;在浮选体系中,Fe3+,Pb2+,Cu2+,Ca2+,Mg2+和Fe2+这6种金属离子均可在石英表面吸附,但只有Fe3+,Pb2+和Cu2+作用后的石英表面可以吸附戊基钾黄药,从而活化石英浮选;溶液化学计算表明:金属离子的羟基络合物和氢氧化物是离子起活化作用的有效组分。

Although there is significant floatability difference between sulfide minerals and quartz in sulfide ores flotation,SiO2 is still the main impurity in sulfide concentrate,therefore it is the main factor which influences the quality of sulfide concentrate,the floatability of quartz with the presence of metal ions was studied using amyl xanthate as collector.The results show that the activation of quartz is one of the main factors of higher content of quartz in the sulfur concentrate.Ions like Fe^3＋,Cu^2＋,and Pb^2＋ can activate the flotation of quartz within certain pH range,while Ca^2＋,Mg^2＋ and Fe^2＋ show no significant influence.In the system of sulfide ore flotation,all of the above ions can adsorb on the surface of quartz,but xanthate can only be absorbed onto the surface of quartz reacted with Fe^3＋,Cu^2＋ and Pb^2＋,which leads to the activation of quartz.Solution chemistry calculations show that hydroxy complexes and hydroxides of Fe^3＋,Cu^2＋ and Pb^2＋ are the effective components for the activation.