“设论体”词探微

Research on the Question-Answer-Style in the Poems from the Song to Qing Dynasties

词体在经历了创作上和理论上厘定疆界、创立词体规范的过程之后,有不少词作者或以独造之心、或出游戏之意将其他文体的手法、体式等引入词体,而词中有近似赋中"设论体"的一类词,旁采"设论体"的立意结构,以飞动之笔,借无何有之乡,写郁结之意,这类词始于辛弃疾《沁园春.将止酒戒酒杯使勿近》,又多采用《沁园春》一调,托物寄寓,设客问答,往往既有失落忧伤之情,又有自矜自傲之意,既有"知命不忧"的无奈概叹,又到底意难平的自我抒发。这类词自宋至清,创作代不乏人,自成格局,值得关注。

After Ci—a kind of classic poems—accomplish the procedure of finding the boundary and creating standard,a lot of authors began to draw the technique and the form from other literary form into Ci.There was a Question-Answer-Style in Ci which is similar to Fu.In this style,the structure was from Fu,usually using fictional skill,try to express the emotion of been oppressed.It originated from Qinyuanchun written by Xin Qiji,and consequently using Qinyuanchun.In a word,this kind of style always embodies depression,arrogance and such kinds of emotion.From Song Dynasty to Qing Dynasty,there were plenty of poems which should not be ignored.