调亏灌溉对日光温室青茄品质和耗水规律的影响

Effects of Regulated Deficit Irrigation on Quality and Water Consumption of Solar Greenhouse Green Eggplant

在日光温室滴灌条件下采用小区试验方法,研究了不同生育期不同程度调亏灌溉对青茄耗水规律、产量、品质和水分利用效率的影响。结果表明,温室青茄耗水高峰出现在成熟采摘期,该阶段耗水模系数在49.96%～64.11%之间;苗期的耗水量最小,其阶段耗水模系数在8.64%～16.68%之间。苗期和成熟采摘期适度调亏灌溉(灌水定额为适宜供水的80%)可提高青茄产量和水分利用效率,开花坐果期水分过度亏缺(灌水定额为适宜供水的60%)对青茄品质有所改善,但显著降低青茄产量和灌溉水利用效率。综合考虑产量和品质,拟定日光温室青茄滴灌条件下适宜的灌溉制度为,灌水周期10d,苗期和成熟采摘期适度亏水,灌水定额分别为12mm和20mm;开花坐果期宜充分灌溉,灌水定额为25mm。

Effects of different soil moisture at different growth stages on water consuming law,yield,water use efficiency,and appearance quality of green eggplant planted in plot experiments under drip irrigation in greenhouse were studied to determine the irrigation index and irrigation scheduling of water saving,high yield,superior quality and high efficiency of green eggplant.The results showed that the water consumption peak of green eggplant occurred at the mature stage,and the water consumed coefficient was from 49.96% to 64.11%;the amount of water consumption at seedling stage was minimum with 8.64%~16.68% of the water consumed coefficient.Properly regulated deficit irrigation with 80% of full water supply at seedling stage and at the mature stage could improve the yield and water use efficiency,and excessively water deficit with 60% of full water supply at the blooming stage improved the appearance quality of green eggplant,but significantly reduced the yield and water use efficiency.Taking the yield and quality into consideration,the proper irrigation scheduling under drip irrigation in greenhouse was that the irrigation cycle was 10 d,properly regulated deficit irrigation time was at seedling stage and the mature stage with the irrigation quota of 12 mm and 20 mm respectively,and the irrigation quota of sufficient irrigation at the blooming stage was 25 mm.