保护性耕作措施对豌豆和春小麦生长及产量的影响

Effects of Conservation Tillage on Yield and Water Use Efficiency of Field Pea and Spring Wheat

通过不同覆盖方式(不覆盖,覆草,覆地膜)下保护性耕作试验,对套种春小麦和豌豆的生育期、基本苗数、干物质、土壤水分和产量进行调查和测定,研究春小麦和豌豆的产量及水分利用效率。结果表明,免耕覆膜、传统耕作覆膜条件下水分利用效率、产量明显高于传统耕作不覆盖、传统耕作并将秸秆翻入、免耕覆秸秆和免耕不覆秸秆的处理,而基本苗数和前期的干物质积累量却低于传统耕作不覆盖、传统耕作并将秸秆翻入、免耕覆秸秆和免耕不覆秸秆处理。因此,免耕覆膜、传统耕作覆膜种植是黄土高原西部半干旱区相对较好的保护性耕作措施。

This paper mainly studies the yield and water use efficiency（WUE） of spring wheat and field pea under conservation tillages with different covered ways.Spring wheat and field pea was intercroppinged in fields respectively treated with tillage（T or CK）,no-tillage with straw（NTS）,no-tillage without straw（NT）,tillage with straw（TS）,tillage with plastic mulching（TP） and no-tillage with plastic mulching（NTP）.During growth stage,we investigated growth period,seedling number,dry matter,soil moisture,yield,and analysised the data.WUE and harvest index（HI） under plastic mulching treatments（TP and NTP） were significantly higher than that of T,TS,NTS and NT.However,as for seedling number and dry matter at early stages,TP and NTP were lower than T,TS,NTS and NT.Plastic mulching and planting along sides are better conservation tillage in western semi-arid areas of Loess Plateau.