我国老工业基地失业问题初探

Probe into the Unemployment Issue in China's Old Industrial Bases

本文认为，我国老工业基地就业形势急剧恶化的主要原因是：（１）是体制转型过程中经济发展不平衡性的一种表现；（２）在新一轮经济调整中缺乏优势，难以形成新的就业增长点；（３）国家经济政策的不力倾斜，使得有限的资金、人才流失，致使经济增长乏力，进而影响就业；（４）国家就业政策缺少有针对性的指导；（５）就业培训工作不得力；（６）失业保险没有充分发挥促进再就业的功能。文章提出了促进就业的对策：（１）在结构调整中准确定位．选好新的经济和就业增长点；（２）深化国企改革，大力发展非公有制经贸；（３）加大再就业工作力度；（４）制定有针对性的就业政策，加强对就业的有效指导。

The author thinks that the causes of the employment situation rapidly becoming worse in China's old industrial bases are as follows. First, it is the reflection of economic imbalanced development during the economic transition. Second, there exist no advantages and it is difficult to form new growth points for employment in the new economic adjustment. Third, China's economic policies haven' t enough been favor with the old industrial bases, the limited funds and persons with ability lost, the economy grew weakly, and finally influenced the employment. Fourth, China's employment policies are short of guidance with pertinence. Fifth, the employment training work is weak. Sixth, the insurance for unemployment hasn't played the role in improving reemployment. The author gives suggestions as follows. First, correctly determine the emphasis in adjusting the structure and choose the new economic growth points and absorb the labors. Second, deepen the reform of State - owned enterprises and develop non-public ownership economy. Third, strengthen the work for reemoloyment. And finally, make pertinent employment policies and strengthen the guidance for employment.