榆林煤炭矿区生态环境改善支付意愿分析

WTP Research in Yulin Coal Mining Area

运用榆林煤炭矿区居民为改善当地生态环境支付意愿(WTP)的调研资料,得出每户每年平均的支出金额介于229.56-347.92元之间,由此推断出榆林煤炭矿区每年因煤炭开发而造成的生态环境破坏价值损失大约在13 822.09万-20 948.69万元之间。通过运用D-H模型和Tobit模型对调研资料分别进行分析,发现,D-H模型对被调查者支付意愿影响因素的分析明显优于Tobit模型。D-H模型的结果显示,被调查者"决定是否参与支付"与"决定支出多少金额"两个行为的影响因素不完全相同。被调查者对当地生态环境状况的满意程度对其"决定是否参与支付"呈负向影响;反映被调查者所在行政区域对其"决定是否参与支付"呈正向影响。被调查者的家庭年收入、受教育状况、年龄、职业状况、对当地生态环境状况的满意程度均对其"决定支出多少金额"具有显著的正向影响;被调查者的家庭人口数、对环境保护政策的了解程度对其"决定支出多少金额"有显著的负向影响。最后,提出了提高当地居民参与生态环境改善活动积极性的一些措施。

Using the willing to pay （WTP） investigation data which took from residents in Yulin Coal Mining Area for improving the local ecological environment, the paper found that the average amount of expense was between 229.56 - 347.92 Yuan（RMB） for each household in one year, the loss value of ecological environmental of damage was between 138,220,900 -209,486,900 Yuan（RMB）. This paper used the D-H model and the Tobit model to analyze survey data, and found that the D-H model was significantly better than the Tobit model to analyze the factors which affect the respondents＇ willingness to pay. Tile results of the D-H model showed that, the influencing factors of the surveyor ＂whether to participate the payment＂ was not the same as ＂decision expenditures number amount＂. The surveyor＇s satisfaction of local ecological environment was a negative effects to ＂ whether to participate the payment＂; the administrative area was a positive effect to ＂whether to participate the payment＂. The surveyor＇s household income, educational status, age, employment status, and satisfaction of local ecological environment were positive effect to ＂ decision expenditures number amount＂. The surveyor＇s family population and the knowledge of the environmental protection policy were negative effects to ＂decision expenditures number amount＂. Finally, this paper suggested some measures to improve the surveyor＇s positive activities to participate in the improvement of ecological environment.