工资与劳动生产率的关联:模式与解释

Relationship between Wage and Labor Productivity:Pattern and Explanation

在对工资和劳动生产率之间的理论关系以及可能的影响因素进行梳理的基础上,利用国家统计局1998—2007年间对国有及规模以上非国有制造业企业的调查数据,对中国制造业企业工资与劳动生产率现状、两者之间的关联以及可能的影响因素进行分析。可以发现,1990年代末以来,中国制造业企业的劳动生产率都在较大程度上高于其工资水平,并且两者之间的差距有随时间扩大的趋势,而劳动生产率与工资之间的正相关性则有所下降。企业的所有制结构对于企业劳动生产率和工资之间的关联有着显著的影响,而企业的规模、劳均固定资本存量,以及参与国际贸易的程度也是较为重要的影响因素。

By using a large scale firm -level dataset and by focusing on the relationship between wage and labor productivity, this paper documents some fact about wage and labor productivity in China＇s manufacturing industries. It shows that the growth of labor productivity has been much faster than that of wage in China manufacturing industries since late the 1990s, and the difference between them is increasing over time, while the correlation between then is decreasing. The relationship between firms＇ labor productivity and wage is significantly impacted by their ownership structure, scale, capital -labor ratio and export dependence ratio.