空军飞行员心血管疾病危险因素分析

Analysis of risk factors of cardiovascular diseases in military pilots

目的了解空军飞行员心血管疾病危险因素状况,为心血管疾病的防治提供参考依据。方法对空军总医院近6年来参加健康体检的2563名飞行员进行问卷调查及相关生化检查。结果在被调查的飞行员中,吸烟、高三酰甘油(TG)、低高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、高低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、高胆固醇(TC)、高尿酸血症、高血压、高血糖发生率依次为50.80%、23.13%、20.64%、17.93%、16.30%、11.47%、9.78%、2.23%。其中41～50岁飞行员吸烟、高TG、低HDL-C、高血压、高尿酸血症发生率最高,依次为53.43%、40.75%、31.39%、22.87%、16.01%;而高LDL-C、高TC、高血糖检出率随年龄增长逐渐增高,最高年龄段为≥51岁,分别为35.24%、27.62%、11.43%。结论飞行员心血管疾病危险因素随着年龄的增长处于较高水平,采取控制高血脂、高尿酸血症、高血压为主的干预措施是防治心血管系统疾病的关键。

Objective To analyze the risk factors of cardiovascular diseases（CV）in military pilots,in order to provide references for the the diseases＇ prevention and treatment.Methods The risk factors of CV in a timeframe of five-year period were surveyed through the methods of questionnaires,and by carrying out biochemical tests on 2563 pilots who took physical examination in our hospital.Results Among the surveyed pilots,the prevalence rate of smoking,hypertriglyceridemia,low blood high density lipoprotein,high low density lipoprotein,hypercholesterolemia,hyperuricemia,hypertension and hyperglycemia was 50.80%,23.13%,20.64%,17.93%,16.30%,11.47%,9.78% and 2.23%,sequentially.Among these factors,the prevalence rate of smoking,hypertriglyceridemia,low blood high density lipoprotein,hypertension and hyperuricemia,which reached 53.43%,40.75%,31.39%,22.87% and 16.01% sequentially,were the highest in 41-to 50-years-old subjects.However,the prevalence rate of high blood low density lipoprotein,hypercholesterolemia and hyperglycemia increased with age,and reached the highest point among subjects who were 51 to 60 years old,accounting for 35.24%,27.62%,11.43%,sequentially.Conclusions The risk factors of CV in pilots are at a high level as age increases,and should be intervened at an early stage.