山东高产粮田腐殖质组成特征及影响因子研究

Composition properties and effect factors of humus in high-yield field in Shandong Province

以山东省典型高产粮区———桓台、滕州、寿光土壤为试材 ,研究了高产粮田土壤腐殖质组成特征与中低产田的差异及影响因素。结果表明 :高产粮田有机碳含量为 7.2 2～ 1 4 .2 2g/kg ,平均 9.87g/kg ;腐殖酸碳 2 .0 8～ 3.0 5g/kg ,平均 2 .48g/kg ,其中胡敏酸碳 0 .92～ 1 .5 7g/kg ,富里酸碳 0 .99～ 1 .70g/kg ,胡敏酸碳与富里酸碳比值 (HA/FA)为 0 .6 3～ 1 .31 ;有机碳约是腐殖酸碳的 4倍 ;中低产田各组份平均含量低于高产田而变异系数大于高产田 ;土壤速效氮磷钾对腐殖质各组份都有影响 ,但对HA/FA比值影响最大的是碳酸钙和pH。

The composition properties and effect factors of humus in high-yield field were studied in Huantai,Tengzhou and Shouguang counties in Shandong Province.The results showed that the amount of organic carbon and the total of humic acid carbon are 7.22～14.22 and 2.08～3.05g/kg,with the average 9.87g/kg and 2.48g/kg respectively.The amount of humin acid carbon(HA) and fulvic acid carbon(FA) are 0.92～1.57 and 0.99～1 70g/kg,with the ratio of HA and FA 0.63～1.31.The amount of organic carbon is about 4 times as much as that of humic acid carbon.The average amounts of different compositions in mid-low-yield field are lower,while the coefficients of variation are higher than that in high-yield field.The available N,P and K contents in soil affect the compositions of humus,and the calcium carbonate and pH of soil are the most important factors in affecting the ratio of HA and FA.