乙醇对家兔抗利尿激素分泌的影响

Effect of ethanol on secretion of antidiuretic hormone in rabbits

目的观察乙醇对家兔抗利尿激素(antidiuretic hormone,ADH)和尿量的影响。方法将20只雄性家兔随机分为乙醇组和生理盐水组,经耳缘静脉注射50%乙醇(1.0 ml.kg-1)和等量的生理盐水,每隔20 min注射1次,直至家兔死亡。经心脏采取第1次给药20 min后两组家兔的血清,ELISA法测定ADH的含量;记录随乙醇累积浓度增加时的尿量变化,并计算静脉注射乙醇对家兔的致死剂量。结果与生理盐水组相比,乙醇1.0 ml.kg-1可明显减少血清ADH含量并增加尿量(P<0.05);当乙醇累积浓度为3.0 ml.kg-1时尿量明显减少甚至无尿(P<0.05);经静脉注射乙醇对家兔的致死剂量为(8.77±1.02)ml.kg-1。结论乙醇浓度为1.0 ml.kg-1时可抑制家兔ADH的分泌,使尿量增加;但随乙醇累积浓度增加后尿量减少甚至无尿。

Objective To study the influences of ethanol on rabbits＇ secretion of antidiuretic hormone（ADH） and urine volume.Methods The experimental animals were randomly divided into two groups：ethanol group and saline group.All the rabbits were injected with 50% ethanol（1.0 ml.kg-1） or saline every 20 min by ear margin vein until the rabbits died.After the first 20 min,the serum was collected from heart to measure the content of ADH by ELISA,the changes of urine volume were recorded with increasing of the cumulative concentrations of ethanol and the lethal dose of ethanol on rabbits in vein was calculated.Results Compared with the saline group,ethanol（1.0 ml.kg-1） decreased the content of ADH and increased the urine volume significantly（P0.05）.When the cumulative concentration of ethanol was 3.0 mL.kg-1,the urine volume was decreased and even anuria（P 0.05）.The lethal dose of ethanol was（8.77±1.02） ml.kg-1in rabbits by intravenous injection.Conclusion Ethanol（1.0 ml.kg-1） will suppress the ADH secretion and increase the urine volume in rabbits;but the urine volume will be decreased and even anuria with increasing of the cumulative concentration of ethanol.