不同配比油脂对肉鸡脂类代谢的影响

Effects of dietary different composited oils on lipid metabolisms in broilers

以肉鸡为动物模型,探讨了日粮中添加不同配比油脂后对其脂肪代谢的影响。648只1日龄AA肉仔鸡,随机分为6组,每组6个重复,每个重复18只鸡,试验期为42 d。CON组为对照组(饲喂基础日粮),SO组为正对照组(日粮中添加豆油),LO组为负对照组(日粮中添加猪油),COP、COC、COV组分别在日粮中添加以棕榈油为主的配比油脂、以椰子油为主的配比油脂、多种植物油配比的油脂。结果表明:42 d,各组腹脂重、皮下脂肪厚度与肌间脂肪厚度、胸肌含脂率、腿肌含脂率均无显著性差异(P>0.05);SO、COP组总甘油三酯含量低于COV组(P<0.05);COP组血清低密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量低于LO组(P<0.01)与CON组(P<0.05);COP组血清高密度脂蛋白胆固醇与低密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量的比值高于LO、COC、COV组(P<0.01),SO组显著提高(P<0.05);SO组肉鸡血清中总脂酶活性高于CON组(P<0.05),肝脏中COP、COC、COV组脂蛋白脂酶、肝脂酶与总脂酶活性都显著提高(P<0.01或P<0.05)。结论:配比油脂组与豆油组在不影响脂肪沉积的情况下,改善了肉仔鸡的体脂分布,且对脂质代谢具有很好的调节作用,其中豆油组与以棕榈油为主的配比油脂组效果较好。

Broilers were used as an animal model to study the effect of dietary different composited oils on lipid metabolisms. Arbor Acre（AA） chicks of 648 at 1 day old were randomly divided into 6 groups with 6 replicates of 18 chickens each. The dietary treatments were as follows： corn-soybean meal control （CON）, positive control （SO, corn-soybean based diet with soybean oil）, negative control （LO, cornsoybean based diet with lard oil）, the rest three treatments were diets with composited oil based on palm oil （COP）, on coconut oil （COC）, and on many vegetable oils （COV）, respectively. The experiment lasted for 42 days. The results showed that no significant differences of the abdominal fat pad, abdominal fat rate, subcutaneous and inter-muscular adipose tissue, percentage of breast and thigh muscle fat were found in all treatments in 42 d （ P〉0. 05）. In addition, the serum concentration of TC in SO and COP were lower than COV （ P〈0. 05 ） ; the serum concentration of LDL-C in COP was reduced compared to LO （P〈0. 01 ） and CON （P〈0. 05） ; the value of HDL-C/LDL-C in serum of COP was increased compared to LO, COC and COV （P〈0. 01 ）, SO also has improved （P〈0. 05） in 42 days. Furthermore, the activity of serum total lipase in SO was improved （P〈0. 05）, and the activity of LPL, HL and total lipase in COP, COC and COV has increased in the liver （P〈0. 01 or P〈0. 05）. Our experimental results implyed that SO, COP, COC and COV might improve the body fat distribution without affect the fat deposition but regulate lipid metabolisms by lower the concentration of LDL-C in broilers. We also suggested that the best group was SO and COP.