楚国控制鄂东铜矿时间考

Research on Time of Chu State's Control of Copper Mine in Eastern Hubei

鄂东铜矿是指位于长江中游的大冶-九江地区的古铜矿。西周中晚期楚国未涉足鄂东铜矿。按文献记载:早期的楚国几代国王虽然励精图治,但其国力依然弱小,无力染指鄂东铜矿;同时,考古发现表明:西周中晚期鄂东铜矿的主人是古越人。《史记》记载的熊渠所伐之"鄂"应为南阳盆地的"西鄂"。文献和考古资料都表明楚国控制鄂东铜矿的时间应该是春秋中期楚成王熊恽东下淮夷之后。

he copper mine in eastern Hubei refers to the ancient one in the area of Daye and Jiujiang （along the middle reaches of the Yangtze River）. In the mid and late Western Zhou Dynasty, Chu State had not controlled this copper mine. According to literature, even generations of kings in early Chu State aroused all their efforts to make the country prosperous, they could not impose their influences on the copper mine for the weak state of the kingdom＇s power. On the other hand, archaeological discoveries reveal that, in the mid and late of the Westen Zhou Dynasty, the actual controller of the copper mine was ancient Yue people. In Records＂ of the Grand Historian, ＂E （鄂）＂, which is invaded by Xiongqu （a king of the Chu State in the Spring and Autumn Period）, refers to ＂Xi E （西鄂）＂ of the Nanyang Basin. Both literature and archaeological discoveries evidenced that the real time of Chu State＇ control on the copper mine was in the middle of the Spring and Autumn Period after Xiongyun （King Cheng of Chu） marched eastward to fight against Huaiyi people.