炼油厂生化处理废水中有机组分的定性分析

IDENTIFICATION AND ANALYSES OF ORGANIC COMPONENTS IN BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY TREATMENT OF WASTE WATER FROM REFINERY

将水中的有机组分划分为悬浮性有机物（ＳＯＣ）、溶解性可吸附有机物（ＥＯＣ）及溶解性不可吸附有机物（ＮＥＯＣ）三类。分别用Ｇ３ 型耐酸过滤漏斗及ＧＤＸ－５０２ 树脂分离并富集炼油厂生化处理进水及出水中的ＳＯＣ及ＥＯＣ。漏斗滤出的和ＧＤＸ－５０２树脂富集的有机物分别用二氯甲烷洗脱和Ｓｏｘｈｌｅｔ提取。提取物经干燥、浓缩后，用ＧＣ／ＭＳ进行分析。结果表明：此方法对炼油厂生化处理废水中有机组分的富集效率为５３．６％ ～７８％ （以ＴＯＣ 计）或４７．７％ ～６９．３％ （以ＣＯＤ计）；生化处理Ａ 段进水及出水中鉴定出的有机组分基本相同，ＳＯＣ主要是Ｃ９ ～Ｃ２９ 正构烷烃，ＥＯＣ主要是苯酚类化合物；Ｏ 段及生物碳段出水中ＳＯＣ及ＥＯＣ组成相似，其中邻苯二甲酸二正丁酯相对含量较高；废水经生化处理后，鉴定出的有机组分由进水的１２０ 种减至出水的２２ 种，进水中相对含量较高的苯酚类化合物基本被去除，其它类型的有机物也被去除绝大部分，外排水中的ＣＯＤ 满足排放标准。

Organic components in waste water were classified as suspended organic compounds(SOC), dissolved extractable organic compounds (EOC), and dissolved non extractable organic compounds (NEOC). SOC and EOC in the influents and the effluents of the biological chemical treatment process from a refinery were isolated and pre concentrated using Model G 3 core funnel and GDX 502 resin, and subsequently eluted and extracted with methylene chloride, respectively. The extracts after dry and concentration were then analyzed by GC/MC. The results showed that the enriched portion of TOC ranged from 53.6% to 78%, and the enriched portion of COD corresponded to 47.7%~69.3% of the total COD. Both of the influents and the effluents from A stage of the biological chemical treatment were close in the identified organic compounds, the majority of SOC were n C 9~ n C 29 alkane, and the majority of EOC were phenolic compounds. There were analogous in the identified organic compounds between the effluents of O stage and the effluents of the biological carbon stage in the biological chemical treatment, the relative contents of dibutyl phthalate were higher. The number of identified organic compounds decreased from 120 kinds in the influents to 22 kinds in the effluents by the biological chemical treatment. Higher relative contents of phenolic compounds in the influents were almost removed, and the greater part of other compounds was also removed. The COD in the treated water met the drainage standard.