2种保水剂对砂土土壤持水性能的影响

Effects of Water-retaining Agents on Water-holding Performance of Sandy Soil

以营养型抗旱保水剂、沃特保水剂和冬小麦矮抗58为试验材料,在延津县砂质潮土试验基地开展了2种保水剂不同用量(0、15、30、45、60kg/hm2)和不同生育期(拔节期和孕穗期)施用对麦田砂土土壤物理性质及其持水性能影响的研究。结果表明,施用营养型抗旱保水剂,拔节期和孕穗期土壤容重分别平均减小3.1%、5.8%,土壤总孔隙度分别平均增大14.0%、7.3%,土壤含水量在拔节期增大,孕穗期减小,土壤持水性能在2个生育期都有所增强,并以45kg/hm2用量效果最好;施用沃特保水剂,孕穗期土壤容重平均减小5.1%,土壤孔隙度平均增大1.5%;而拔节期土壤容重、土壤孔隙度变化不明显,土壤含水量和土壤持水性能都随着用量的增加而增大,以30kg/hm2用量效果最好。孕穗期施用保水剂对土壤物理性质的影响比拔节期施用的效果好;2种保水剂以营养型抗旱保水剂的效果较好。

With winter wheat Aikang 58,nutrient water-retaining agent（NWRA）and Wote absorbent（WA） as experimental materials,the effects of different dosage absorbents（0,15,30,45,60 kg/ha） on soil physical properties and water-holding properties at different stages（jointing and booting stages） of wheat were studied in Yanjin county.The results showed that soil bulk density decreased by 3.1% and 5.8% separately at jointing stage and booting stage,total soil porosity increased by 14.0% and 7.3%,soil moisture content improved at jointing stage but decreased at booting stage,and soil water-holding performance improved at two stages of winter wheat by use of NWRA,with the best effect under the treatment of 45 kg/ha.By use of WA,the soil bulk density decreased by 5.1% and the soil porosity increased by 1.5% at booting stage.However,the trends of soil bulk density and porosity were not obvious at jointing stage.The soil moisture content and soil water-holding performance increased with the increase of WA dosage,and the best effect appeared under the treatment of 30 kg/ha.The overall effect of absorbents was better at booting stage than that at jointing stage,and the effect of NWRA was better than that of WA.