热应激下中草药对鸡法氏囊、胸腺淋巴细胞组织学的影响

Effects of Chinese Herbal Medicine on the Histology of the Lymphocytes in Bursa of Fabricius and Thymus of Chickens under Heat Stress

为了探讨热应激下中草药对鸡中枢免疫器官的作用机制,进行了鸡法氏囊、胸腺内淋巴细胞数量的动态观察。选择88日龄健康伊莎褐商品代蛋用雏鸡120只,随机分成6个组:3个试验组为中草药高(7.5mg/d)、中(5mg/d)、低(2.5mg/d)剂量组和3个对照组〔高温对照组、正常室温对照组、维生素C(5mg/d)对照组〕。运用组织学常规切片技术和HE染色法,观察了试验组和对照组在88、91、95、97日龄的鸡法氏囊、胸腺中淋巴细胞的数量。结果显示:在400μm×300μm的观察面积内,97日龄时,中草药高剂量组与高温对照组鸡法氏囊淋巴细胞数分别为84.33、69.81个,二者差异达极显著水平(P<0.01),中剂量组淋巴细胞数为81.61个,与高温对照组差异显著(P<0.05)。97日龄时,中草药高剂量组、中剂量组胸腺淋巴细胞数分别为95.85、91.40个,与高温对照组的淋巴细胞数(72.65个)差异达极显著水平(P<0.01)。表明在热应激状态下,中草药可增加鸡法氏囊、胸腺内淋巴细胞数量,且剂量越高效果越好,由此说明该中草药对于缓解蛋鸡的热应激有较好的效果。

To valuate the immune mechanism of Chinese herbal medicine for heated-stress chic-kens,the histological changes of the central immune organs were observed.A total of 120 healthy 88-day-old Isa Brown commercial laying chickens were randomly divided into six groups,three experimental groups（High,medium and low dose groups） and three control groups（High temperature,room temperature and Vc（5 mg/d） groups）.In the experimental groups chickens were fed with the high dose（7.5 mg/d）,the medium dose（5 mg/d）,or the low dose（2.5 mg/d） ofChinese herbal medicine.On Days 88,91,95,and 97,the changes of lymphocyte in bursa of fabri-cius and thymus of chicken were examined.The bursa of fabricius and thymus tissue samples were processed routinely for paraffin embedding technique and stained with haematoxylin and eosin（H.E）.The results showed that on Day 97,the lymphocytes in bursa of fabricius added with 7.5 mg/d Chinese herbal medicine was significantly increased than that of the high temperature control group（P0.01）,which are 84.33 and 69.81,respectively.The lymphocytes in bursa of fabricius of chicken added with 5 mg/d Chinese herbal medicine was 81.61,significantly increased than that of high temperature control group（P0.05）.The lymphocytes in thymus of the high dose and the medium dose groups were 95.85 and 91.40,higher than that of the high temperature control group（P0.01）.This indicated that adding 7.5 mg/d Chinese herbal medicine for hea-ted-stress chickens significantly increased lymphocytes in bursa of fabricius and thymus of chicken and the higher concentration the better,which implies that the Chinese herbal medicine is useful for easing the effects of heat stress.