英汉习语翻译中的框架借用

Frame Borrowing in English Idioms Translation

认知框架是基于文化约定俗成的知识构型,连接多个认知域的知识网络并与某个特定的语言形式相关联,从而建立概念与概念之间相对应的模式。习语是语言的核心与精华,具有强烈的文化特点;这种文化差异反映在认知层面,则表现为框架的巨大差异。在习语翻译中,如果能够将源语文化中的框架构型成功的转换到目的语中,就为跨文化交际和翻译打下坚实的基础。框架借用视角下英汉习语翻译的策略主要包括＂直接借用源语的框架结构,保留源语的喻体形象＂,＂借用目的语相似的框架,寻求相应的喻体形象＂,＂借用译入语里有着相似喻义的不同框架＂和＂‘零’框架借用＂。对框架借用的应用研究有助于提高英汉习语的翻译实践水平。

Cognitive frames are culturally - conventionalized configurations. They combine the knowledge networks of mul- tiple cognitive domains within a certain language and establish a correlation model between concepts and concepts. Idioms are the core of a certain language that is culturally characterized. The great cultural differences are reflected as the huge frame differences by and large from the viewpoint of cognitive linguistics. It would lay a solid foundation for the better understanding of cultural communication and translation, should the frame configurations in the source language be trans- formed maximally into the target language in the courses of idiom translation. Judging from the viewpoint of frame borrowing, the strategies for idiom translation include ＂borrow the original frame into the target language, keeping the original images in the source language＂, ＂borrow a similar frame from the target language, seeking for the equivalent images in the target language＂, ＂borrow a different frame from the target language that shares the common image connotation＂and ＂zero borrowing＂. The study on frame borrowing is greatly helpful for the practices of English and Chinese idiom translation.