中国近代火车站之静海站研究

Research on Jinghai Railway Station

火车站作为近代中国新出现的重要建筑类型,因其独特的政治文化背景而呈现出中西合璧、不拘一格的建筑风貌。这些火车站往往设计优秀、价值颇高,是中国近代建筑史的重要组成部分,对地域主义的现代建筑设计具有很大的启示作用。该文以天津静海站为例,首先通过广泛查阅史料和现场调查,梳理其由规划到建设的建筑设计过程;其次,列举大量同期德国本土建筑及山东德式建筑实例对比归纳其建筑设计语言,试图其探索风格背后的文化渊源。

Railway stations, as a new type of buildings which were produced in modern semi-feudal and semi-colonial China, are always showing good combination of Chinese and Western culture because of its social historical background. These buildings are also an important part of architectural history of China, and make a great inspiration for the modern architectural design of regionalism. In this paper, taking Jinghai Railway Station as an example, the author will systematically outline and scrutinize its development course from planning to construction on the base of historical literature and site investigation. Meanwhile, plenty of instances which constructed in the same period but different places, such as Germany or Qingdao of Shandong, are compared with Jinghai railway station, by which the author tries to explore the cultural heritage behind architectural language and style.