水氮调控对水稻氮素吸收与利用的影响

Effects of Water and Nitrogen Fertilizer Managements on Nitrogen Absorption and Utilization in Rice

合理的水肥运筹对提高水稻氮素利用效率和水稻产量有很大影响。根据大田试验资料,分析了不同水分管理和氮肥管理对水稻氮素吸收利用及在植株体内分布的影响。结果表明:控制灌溉模式显著改善了水稻对氮素的吸收,促进氮素在籽粒中的积累;实地氮肥管理(SSNM)模式有效控制了生育前期营养器官对氮素的吸收,有效促进了水稻秸秆中累积的氮素参与再分配与再利用;控灌与SSNM联合调控有效地控制无效分蘖,显著降低秸秆氮素含量,提高了水稻营养器官氮素的转运量。控灌和SSNM处理节省了水肥的投入,提高了水肥利用效率,为南方灌区实现合理的水肥管理提供了依据。

Reasonable strategy of irrigation and fertilization has great influence on improving nitrogen utilization efficiency（NUE） and yield of rice.Based on the data from field experiments,this paper tried to find out the effect of different water and fertilizer management patterns on the nitrogen absorption and utilization of rice plants and nitrogen distributions in different parts of rice.The results showed that controlled irrigation significantly improve the nitrogen absorption of rice and promote the nitrogen accumulation of rice grain;Site-specific nutrient management（SSNM） can effectively control the nitrogen absorption in rice vegetative organ during the earlier growing stage and significantly improve the redistribution and reuse of nitrogen in the rice straw;Controlled irrigation combined with SSNM can significantly control ineffective tillering,decrease nitrogen content of rice straw and increase the nitrogen translocation of rice vegetative organ.Controlled irrigation combined with SSNM can decrease the water and nitrogen amount and improve water and fertilizer use efficiency,so as to provide evidence for reasonable management of irrigation and fertilization in South China.