番茄叶片光合作用对水肥耦合的响应

Coupling Effects of Irrigation and Fertilizers on Photosynthetic Rate of Tomato Leaves

研究了不同水肥因子对番茄叶片光合作用的影响。采用五元二次正交旋转组合设计,通过盆栽试验,建立了水分、氮、磷、钾和有机肥用量对番茄叶片光合速率的数学模型。随灌水量的增加,番茄叶片光合速率呈开口向下的抛物线状变化;光合速率随施氮量、施磷量、施钾量和有机肥用量的增加呈先减少后增加的变化规律。交互效应表现为,灌水量与施氮量和施磷量呈负的交互作用,有机肥用量与灌水量、施氮量和施钾量、施氮量与有机肥用量、施钾量与有机肥用量对光合速率的影响具有正交互作用。灌水和氮、磷、钾、有机肥施用对番茄叶片光合速率的影响既相互促进,又相互制约,只有合理的水肥管理措施才能提高番茄叶片的光合速率。

The effects of irrigation and fertilizers on photosynthetic rate of tomato leaves were investigated in this paper.Using pot experiment and quadratic orthogonal regressive rotation design with five factors,a regression model of irrigation,N,P,K and organic fertilizer on photosynthetic rate of tomato leaves was given.The relationship between photosynthetic rate and irrigation volume could be estimated with a second-degree parabola opening upwards.With nitrogen,phosphorus,potassium and organic manure fertilizer rate being increased,photosynthetic rate was dropped at first and then eventually increased.There were negative interaction effects between irrigation volume and nitrogen fertilizer rate,irrigation volume and phosphorus fertilizer rate,while irrigation volume and organic manure fertilizer rate,nitrogen and potassium fertilizer rate,nitrogen and organic manure fertilizer rate,potassium and organic manure fertilizer rate were the opposite effects.The photosynthetic rate of tomato leaves could be promoted or inhibited by irrigation volume and fertilizer rates of nitrogen,phosphorus,potassium and manure.Only with the reasonable water-fertilizer management measures,the photosynthetic rate of tomato leaves could be increased significantly.