主动降低光照强度对暗适应及交通安全的影响

Effect of Actively Reducing Light Intensity on Dark Adaptation and Traffic Safety

为探索减轻驾驶员暗适应水平的方法,以不同速率主动降低光照强度,并测试光照强度突变为零后驾驶员辨识前方物体时间。建立室内实验环境;测量以不同速率提前降低光照强度的情况下,外界光照强度突变为零后驾驶员辨识前方物体的时间。根据数理统计原理,解析辨识时间与光照强度变化率之间的关系,分析提前改变光照强度对辨识时间的影响,寻找最短辨识时间及其相应的光照强度变化率。实验数据显示,提前降低光照强度7.0s以上与不降低相比,对驾驶员暗适应的作用显著且趋于稳定,驾驶员辨识前方物体时间最多可以减少61.91%。实验结果表明,提前改变光照强度对于短时间内缓解驾驶员暗适应现象有所帮助。

To find methods of alleviating the level of driver＇s visual dark adaptation,this paper designs a series of laboratory experiments.First,the indoor experiment environment was built to simulate the light intensity and measure driver＇s dark adaptation behavior.Driver＇s object recognition time was measured when light intensity was suddenly changed to zero on account of reducing light intensity actively.Then,the relationship between recognition time and the light changing rate was studied.Experimental results indicate that the effect on the driver recognition time would be significant and stable if early changing time of light intensity was over 7.0s.Compared with the results of the situation without changing,the recognition time even reduced to 61.91%.These results show that changes in light intensity actively would be helpful to alleviate dark adaptation.Finally,the importance of the experiment result to traffic safety was also discussed.