地震灾区与非灾区农村居民卫生服务利用分析

Utilization of medical service among residents in rural earthquake stricken area and area without disaster

目的了解四川省地震灾区与非地震灾区农村居民患病就诊情况及其影响因素。方法采用分层整群随机抽样方法从汶川地震灾区及四川省的一般地区分别抽取汶川县映秀镇老街村和平昌县云台镇鞍山村,采用入户调查的方式对地震灾区521人和非地震灾区479人进行卫生服务利用情况调查。结果地震灾区与非地震灾区农村居民的主要人口学特征无明显差异,地震灾区居民慢性病患病率为25.1%(131/521),非地震灾区为17.5%(84/479);地震灾区患病就诊率为54.7‰(285/521),非地震灾区为28.0‰(134/479);患病时地震灾区首诊选择的医疗机构中,村、乡、县级医疗机构分别有2462、29、46例,分别占47.2%、44.0%和8.8%,非地震灾区分别有284、152、43例,分别占59.3%3、1.7%和9.0%;年龄、收入状况、最大的医疗机构与居住地距离及慢性病患病情况对地震灾区居民卫生服务利用有影响,年龄、性别、婚姻状况、受教育程度、收入状况,最近的医疗机构与居住地距离对非地震灾区居民卫生服务利用有形响。结论四川省地震灾区与非地震灾区农村居民卫生服务利用水平不同,影响因素也存在一定差异。

Objective To investigate the utilization of medical service among residents in rural disaster area and the area without disaster,and to explore the influencing factors related to utilization of medical service for policy-making.Methods Stratified cluster sampling and face-to-face survey were carried out to collect data.Totally 521 participnts from earthquake stricken area and 479 participants from an area without disaster returned the questionnaires.Chi-square test and logistic regression were used to analyse the data.Results There was no significant difference in the main characteristics of participants between two areas;the prevalence of chronic disease was 25.1% and 17.5%,respectively.The medical couselling rate in the participants in the rural disaster area was 54.7‰ and 28.0‰ in the area without disaster.Age,income,distance from home to hospital near home,and suffering from chronic disease were main influencing factors for utilization of medical service in the disaster area.But marriage status,education,gender were influencing factors related to medical service utilization in the area without disaster.Conclusion The ulilization of medical service and its related factors are different between the residents in rural disaster area and the area without disaster.