舟曲泥石流灾1月后高中生抑郁症状特征分析

Characteristics of depressive symptoms in middle school students one month after Zhouqu debris flow

目的调查和分析舟曲泥石流灾后中学生抑郁症状的流行病学特征。方法采用横断面调查方法,于灾后1月(2010年9月26日),使用贝克抑郁量表第2版(BDI-II)对舟曲受灾的1 273名中学生进行问卷调查。结果在发生抑郁症状的学生中,轻度抑郁症状为276人,其中女生为143人,检出率为25.72%,男生133人,检出率为20.06%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);中度抑郁症状为247人,其中男生131人,检出率为19.75%,女生116人,检出率为20.86%,差异无统计学差异(P>0.05);重度抑郁症状为145人,其中女生76人,检出率为13.67%,男生69人,检出率为10.41%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。女生、男生BDI-II得分分别为(16.94±9.86)(、15.10±9.73)分,女生高于男生,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);舟曲灾后中学生BDI得分为(15.95±9.83)分,高于汶川震后中学生(15.10±9.09)分,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论泥石流灾后1月中学生的抑郁症状严重,女生更明显,应重点加强灾后急性创伤期中学生心理危机干预工作。

Objective To survey and analyze the prevalence of depressive symptoms in the middle school students after Zhouqu debris flow.Methods A cross-sectional survey was carried out with Beck Depression Inventory-2nd Edition（BDI-II） in 1 273 middle school students one month after Zhouqu debris flow.Results The total prevalence of depressive symptoms in the students was 54.8% and the prevalences of mild,moderate,and severe depressive symptom in the students were 22.6%（20.1% for male,25.72% for female）,20.2%（19.8% for male,20.9% for female）,and 12.0%（10.4% for male,13.7% for female）,respectively.The prevalences of mild and severe depressive symptom of the females were higher than those of the males（P0.05）.The BDI-II scores were 16.94±9.86 and 15.10±9.73 for the female and male with a significant difference（P0.01）.The BDI-II score（15.95±9.83） of the students was significantly higher than that of Wenchuan students（15.10±9.09） after the earthquake（P0.01）.Conclusion The depressive symptoms in middle school students one month after Zhouqu debris flow was serious,especially for the girls,and more attention should be paid to psychology crisis prevention in acute trauma of the disaster among middle school students.