城市规划核心法的国际比较研究

The International Comparative Study to the Priciple Acts of Urban Planning

１８７４年瑞典制订的《城市规划法》是目前所能查阅到的最早一部国家级《城市规划法》，它开创了城市规划核心法的先例。１２０多年来，各国的城市规划核心法的发展不仅打上了各自政治、经济和文化传统的烙印，也反映出世界现代城市规划发展历史各个阶段上的波折和思想演进。本文通过对２２个国家和地区的城市规划核心法发展旅程的回溯，将城市规划法的定义以及当今城市规划核心法进行了类型学分析，以期对第一部《中华人民共和国城市规划法》的修订工作有所启迪。

Since the first 'Urban Planning Act 1874' in Sweden the principle acts of urban planning of different countries have evolved by several Phases inthe last 125 years. Based on a analysis of the development of the principle acts in 22 countries/regions, the paper points out that an urban planningact of a nation reflects not only its social, political and economic identity, but also the evolution of trends of thought of modern urban planningmovement by itself. The paper has further presents a structural comparison of the principle acts of six nations I regions. The author leadsdiscussions to conclusion of the pair: a planning act should keep urban development on strict control on one side, but it should enable a city toremain flexible for its development opportunities on the other side.