摘要
吐鲁番-哈密盆地形成于晚二叠世。盆地构造演化经历了边缘断陷、断坳过渡、扩张坳陷、内部断陷及褶皱回返五个时期。时空上表现出断、坳结合,相互转化,侧向移动和超覆扩张等特征。盆地有晚二叠世以来各地质时代的沉积地层,总厚7000m以上。上二叠统塔尔郎组和下、中侏罗统为主要生油层系,其中的河道砂岩体和席状砂岩体物性条件较好,是主要储集层。盆地油气聚集最有利地区为生油凹陷带内断层与背斜构造圈闭互相配置的次级构造带,它们主要存在于吐鲁番坳陷区内。台北凹陷带北部逆冲推覆构造体下盘及其东段的柯柯亚-台北构造带,托克逊凹陷西部伊拉湖-大河沿逆冲断裂带下盘及其伊拉湖构造带以及中央背斜带等应列为重点勘探对象。
Turpan-Hami basin was formed in Late of Premian Epoch. Structural evolution of the basin had underwent such five periods as marginal graben, fault-trough transition, expanding depression, internal graben and fold reversion. Features of the fault in combination with the graben, mutual transformation, lateral movement and overlap expansion and so on have been displayed in the aspect of space-time. Sedimentary strata which had been formed successively since Late Permian Epoch in the basin, has a total thikness of over 7000m.Main oil-forming strata are found in Tarlang Formation of Upper Permian Series and Lower-Middle of Jurassic Series. Among them the sandston bodies of river course in plain facies zone of meander belt and sheeted sandston bodies in the front of epidelta, owing to their favorable physical characteristic, are best reservoir beds. Districts in favour of accumulating oil and gas in the basin are subtectonic zones which match the fault within various sags of oil-forming anticlinal structural trap in Turpan sag, such as foot wall of reversed nappe structure in northern part of Taibei sag zone, structual zone of Kokyar-Taibei,western part of Toksun sag, sortheastern side foot wall of large rift zone in Yilahu-Daheyan districts, structural zone in Yilahu and central fold as well as reversed nappe structure. The authors regard the districts mentioned above are major tar gets for exploring oil and gas.
