浅析楼梯的规范性设计与实际使用的安全性之间矛盾

Analysis of Contradiction between Normative Design of Stairs and Safety of Actual Use

楼梯是建筑中垂直交通设施,主要负责人流疏散,因此楼梯的合理设计对于正常使用以及突发情况的发生有着至关重要的作用,现行的楼梯设计做法在使用中经常出现不舒适,疏散时过分拥挤等情况,尤其在教学楼的楼梯中非常常见。打破传统的经验做法,进行楼梯间分层设计,调整不同楼梯间的形式,都是值得尝试的。当然需要大量的模拟疏散实验来确定楼梯新方案的可操作性。文章主要讨论教学楼疏散楼梯在使用时出现的问题,提出一些新的设计思路。

Stairs are vertical traffic facilities in the buildings,mainly used for evacuation of people,so rational design of stairs plays a crucial role in normal use and occurrence of emergencies,discomfort and overcrowding in evacuation often arise in the use of current stairs design practices,especially common in the stairs of teaching buildings.Breaking with conventional experience,performing layered design between stairs,and adjusting the form between different stairs are worth trying.Certainly a large number of simulated evacuation experiments are needed to determine the operability of the new stairs scheme.This article mainly discusses the problems arising in the use of evacuation stairs of the teaching building,and puts forward some new design thoughts.