美国山核桃的研究进展

A Review of Progress in Carya illinoensis

对美国山核桃近30年来国内外的研究成果,包括植物生长物质、遗传多样性研究及品种鉴定、化学成分研究和综合利用等方面进行了回顾。归纳了植物生长物质在外种皮开裂中的作用和动态变化规律,总结了生物学性状鉴别、同工酶及分子标记3种遗传多样性研究及品种鉴定手段在美国山核桃中的应用,简述了美国山核桃中抗氧化成分、蛋白质、油脂等化学成分的研究情况和动态变化规律,以及美国山核桃综合利用的研究前沿。认为应重视对国外先进研究成果的学习。同时,重视研究开发适宜国内种植的品种及优良单株对美国山核桃产业发展也具有重要的意义。

In this paper, domestic and international research in recent 30 years on pecan including plant growth substance, genetic diversity and species identification, chemical constituents and utilization were reviewed. The author introduced the role of plant growth pattern, summarized the use of three genetic di,~ersity substance in exocarp cracking and its dynamic analyses and species identification methods in pecan-the biological character identification, isozymes and molecular markers, summarized the research about antioxidants, protein, grease and other chemical components in pecan and their dynamic pattern, and the research frontier of pecan utilization. The author thought learning of the advance research achievement was important. At the same time, research and development of suitable domestic cultivated variety and excellent plant of pecan was also crucial to pecan industry development.