广西野生毛葡萄种质资源性状评价

The Evaluation of Germplasm Traits of Wild Grape(Vitis quinquangularis Rehd.) in Guangxi Province

为了解决生产上低产不稳产和种质创新问题，2003-2008年，对来自广西各地的124份野生毛葡萄种质进行结实和果实等性状调查和检验分析，主要性状为：萌芽期为4月12日，开花期为5月22日，成熟期为9月4日；萌芽率44．8％，变异幅度为15％-100％；结果枝率71．7％，变异幅度为12．5％-100％；每结果枝穗数2．2穗，变异幅度为1．2-4．1穗；坐果率27．1％，变异幅度为7．1％-56．1％；单穗重84．8g，变异幅度为13．6-296．6g；单果重1．5g，变异幅度为0．8-2．8g；可溶性固形物12．3％，变异幅度为9．3％-16．5％；有种子3.3粒，变异幅度为1．8-4．2粒；出汁率71．6％，变异幅度为63．4％-80．1％；水溶性总糖11．70g／100mL，变异幅度为6．08～18．11g／100mL；总酸2．05g／100mL，变异幅度为1．10-3．14g／100mL；单宁0．27g／100mL，变异幅度为0．09-0．64∥100mL；维生素C0．67mg／100mL，氨基酸总量315．6mg／100mL。收集到综合性状优良的两性花原生种质。

To solve the problem of both the low unstable yield and germplasm innovation, in 2003-2008, seeds and fruits＇ traits of 124 accessions of wild grape （Vitis quinquangularis Rehd.） from Guangxi Province were investigated and analyzed. The results showed that, the sprouting, flowering and maturing Period was on 12^th April; 22^th May, and 4^th September respectively; the sprouting rate was 44.8%, ranging from 15% to 100%; the fruiting stems rate was 71.1%, ranging from 12.5% to 100%; the average spike number of each fruiting stem was 2.2, ranging from 1.2 to 4.1; the fruition rate was 27.1%, ranging from 7.1% to 56.1%; the weight of one spike was 84.8 g, ranging from 13.6 to 296.6 g; the weight of single grape was 1.5 g, ranging from 0.8 to 2.8 g; soluble solid contents in the grape was 12.3%, ranging from 9.3% to 16.5%; the seed number was 3.3, ranging from 1.8 to 4.2; juice yield was 71.6%, ranging from 63.4% to 80.1%; soluble sugar contents was 11.70 g/100 mL, ranging from 6.08 to 18.11 g/100 mL; total acid contents was 2.05 g/100 mL, ranging from 1.10 to 3.14 g/100mL; the tannin contents was 0.27 g/100 mL, ranging from 0.09 to 0.64 g/100 mL; the vitamin and amino acid contents were 0.67 rag/100 mL and 315.6 rag/100 mL respectively. The elite bisexual gennplasm was come to light.