丹参主要产地的土壤及药材重金属污染评价

Evaluation for Heavy Metal Pollution of Soil and Herb from the Main Producing Area of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge. in China

为了对丹参主要产地土壤及药材重金属污染进行评价,对丹参资源的重金属安全提供理论依据。以丹参主产地进行取样,采用电感耦合等离子体质谱对药材和土壤的铜、铅、镉、砷、汞进行限量检查,并进行污染指数评价及相关分析。结果表明:丹参主要产地土壤环境质量基本达到国家二级标准,基本不受各种重金属的污染;药材中As、Hg含量不高,处于质量安全级别内,Cd、Pb含量个别超标,而Cu含量超标现象相对普遍;综合评价结果表明:陕西山阳高坝镇与山东沂水诸葛镇等所产丹参属于轻度重金属污染,其余产区药材均为重金属质量安全;丹参Cu含量与土壤本底Cu含量有着显著的正相关,重金属在丹参中的积累存在着协调积累的效应。说明丹参资源生产中应严格执行国家二级土壤环境标准降低土壤本底Cu含量对药材的积累,降低含As类农药的使用避免As对Cu、Pb、Hg的协同累积。

Ab In order to obtain the fact of heavy metal pollution of soil and herb form the main producing area of Salvia miltiorrhiza in China, a wide investigation was carried in 13 samples from four provinces. In this study, the heavy metal contents of soil and herb were conducted by ICP-MS, and then evaluation was established by the pollution index. The results showed that soil from the main producing area of S. miltiorrhiza were up to scratch of national standard Ⅱ on the whole. As and Hg content of herb were under national standard from all sample, and Cd and Pd content exceeded standard slight in several sample, while Cu content in herb exceeded standard in general from the main producing area. Integrated evaluation showed that herb from Gaoba Town of Shanxi Provinces and Zhuge Town of Shandong Provinces polluted by heavy metal slightly, while herbs from other district were safety in heavy metal pollution. Cu accumulation in herb correlated positively with Cu content in soil, and heavy metal accumulation in herb cooperated with each. In conclusions, national standard standard Ⅱ of soil environment must be carried out severely in S. miltiorrhiza resources production.