农村公共产品供给机制研究——非正式集体决策视角

Informal Collective Decision Making and Public Goods Provision in Rural China

随着农村经济的发展,农民对于公共产品的需求日益多样化,农村公共投资项目和投资规模明显增加,投资主体也日益多样化,但是,农村公共投资项目、投资规模和投资主体在村与村之间的分布都存在显著的差异。文章试从非正式的集体决策角度来解释这种差异,认为不同的地区具有不同的集体决策形式,并且不同农村的集体决策形式形成的条件不同,因此在农村公共产品的供给上就会有所差异。非正式集体决策发挥作用强的地区,一定会有符合大多数村民利益的农村公共产品的供给,反之,一些农村的公共产品供给会匮乏。非正式的集体决策能够在提供农村公共产品服务方面解决"政府失灵"的现象,同时能够解决农村共同体的集体行动困境问题,实现对农民的整合,从而解决农村公共产品的匮乏问题。

Rural public investment projects and scale investment has increased significantly, investors are also increasingly diverse, however, the distribution of rural public investment projects, investment scale and subject of investment are significant differences between villages. The essay attempts to explain the difference by informal collective decisionmaking. We believe the informal collective decisionmaking can play an active role which the government can not be replaced in the rural public goods provision. It can solve the dilemma of collective action in rural, achieve the integration of farmers, thus address the problem of a lack of public goods in rural areas.