保税港区出口集运三级供应链博弈分析

Game Analysis on Three-Level Supply Chain for Export Cargo

基于随机需求,针对出口集运模型下一个国内供应商、一个国内分销商和一个国外零售商组成的三级供应链,运用博弈理论的逆向归纳法,定量比较分析有无保税港区情形下供应链上各成员的最优利润。结果表明:有保税港区后,供应链上成员达到了三方共赢;国外消费者的消费福利提高;供应商可获单位价值退税额与分销商可获单位价值利益的增加,有利于供应链三方利润的增加和消费者福利的提高。

A three-level supply chain composed of a domestic producer, a domestic distributor, and a foreign retailer for export cargo model is studied. The study is done for two cases ： 1 ） it is in a bonded port area; and 2） it is in a non-bonded port area. For both cases, optimal supply chain profit is quantitatively analyzed by using backward induction of game theory. The results obtained for the two cases then are compared. It is shown that a win-win result can be obtained for all three parts if it is in a bonded port area. In other words, for this case, in the foreign consumer part, welfare increases, while, in the domestic part, it increases the unit tax rebate for the supplier and the unit value benefit for the distributor. It implies that there is profit gain for all parts.