国产总辐射表检定结果的不确定度分析

Uncertainty Analysis of Calibration Results of Homemade Pyranometers

国产总辐射表检定时,其测量结果的不确定度由重复性测量、标准器、温度变化、入射角、时间响应、非线性、零位漂移、数据采集器误差、操作误差和光谱响应误差多种因素引起。根据《JJF1059-1999测量不确定度评定与表示》规定的方法,对国产总辐射表检定结果的不确定度进行评定。分析并列出对测量结果有明显影响的不确定度来源。对各标准不确定度分量进行定量评定。结果表明,在满足检定环境要求的条件下,总辐射表检定结果的扩展不确定度为3.4%,其中入射角误差引起的标准不确定度分量最大。因此新出厂的总辐射表必须严格按照《JJG458-96总辐射表》检定规程进行余弦响应、方位响应、非线性等误差的测试,保证总辐射表的测量准确度。

When a homemade pryanometer was calibrated,the uncertainty of the measurement result is caused by many factors,such as the measurement reproducibility,standard instrument,temperature change,incident angle,time response,non-linearity,zero offset,multimeter error,the operation error,spectral response error,and so on.According to JJF1059-1999 Evaluation and Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement,the uncertainty evaluation for the calibration results of homemade pyranometers is conducted.The sources of uncertainty are pointed out,which obviously influence the measurement results.The uncertainty components are evaluated quantitatively.The results show that when the calibration environmental requirements are satisfied,the expanded uncertainty of the results of the pyranometer is 3.4%（k=1.98）,in which the uncertainty component caused by the error of the incident angle is maximal.Therefore,the characteristics such as the cosine response,azimuth response,and non-linearity of the new pyranometer should be tested to ensure the measurement accuracy.