西双版纳野芭蕉先锋群落优势种群的生态位动态

Niche dynamics of dominant populations of Musa acuminata Colla pioneer community in Xishuangbanna, SW. China

运用Levins(1968)和Pianka(1973)提出的方法研究西双版纳小果野芭蕉(MusaacuminataColla)先锋群落优势种群的生态位动态特征。结果表明,该群落中生态位宽度值列前五位的种群是:小果野芭蕉(1.6157)、木奶果(BaccaurearamifloraLour.,1.5315)、榕树(Ficusspp.,1.2438)、接骨木(SambucuswilliamsiiHance,1.2290)和苎麻(Boehmeriaspp.,0.9453);小果野芭蕉的生态位宽度值随着演替进行逐渐增大;群落中除小果野芭蕉与其余物种间生态位重叠值普遍较大外,接骨木、木奶果、苎麻和榕树与它种植物之间具有较大幅度的生态位重叠:在三个演替阶段,小果野芭蕉同其余物种间生态位重叠值大小变化呈“V”字形规律。文章还描述了群落演替过程中的物种更替与种群大小变化及种间竞争概况并预测了群落演替方向。

The niche characteristics and dynamics of \%Musa acuminata \%Colla pioneer community in Xishuangbanna were calculated by the methods of Levins' niche breadth (1968) and Pianka's niche overlap(1973). The results show, the first five populations according to their niche breadth value are \%Musa acuminata \%Colla (1.6157), \%Baccaurea ramiflora \%Lour. (1.5315), \%Ficus \%spp. (1.2438), \%Sambucus williamsii \%Hance (1.2290), \%Boehmeria \%spp. (0.9453). The niche value of \%Musa acuminata \%is increased with the successive process of the community. Besides \%Musa acuminata, Sambucus williamsii, Baccaurea ramiflora, Boehmeria, \%and \%Ficus \%have higher niche overlap with other species in the community. Along the three successive stage, there are a 'V' curve to express niche overlap values of \%Musa acuminata \%Colla among with other species. The present paper also give a description about species rotation, population size dynamics, and interspecific competition following the successive process of the community, and in the mean time announce the successive orientation of \%Musa acuminata \%Colla pioneer community in advance.