黑龙江省玉米品种农艺性状与单株粒重的灰色关联分析

Grey relational analysis on agronomic traits and grain weight per plant in maize

选取黑龙江省中、晚熟玉米对照品种及杂交组合共160份,采用灰色关联分析方法,对影响玉米产量(单株粒重)的主要农艺性状进行研究。结果表明,与玉米单株粒重相关的农艺性状中,穗粗、百粒重和穗长最为重要,整体关联度排序为:穗粗>百粒重>穗长>生育期>行粒数>吐丝期>散粉期>穗位>株高>穗行数>出苗期>出籽率,这说明目前玉米新品种选育应以果穗粗、长,百粒重大且穗行数多为主,以其他农艺性状适中为目标,协调各相关因素,提高产量。本试验利用大量品种(组合)明确玉米主要农艺性状对产量的贡献,为选育高产玉米新品种提供了理论参考依据。

Total 160 middle and late-maturity control varieties and crossing combinations in Heilongjiang province were used to analyze the contribution of major agronomic traits to yield trait （seed weight per plant） by grey relational analysis. The results showed that the most important three traits which related to seed weight per plant were ear diameter, 100-seeds weight and ear length. The order of correlative degree was ear diameter, 100-seeds weight, ear length, growth duration, grain number per row, ear height, plant height, row number per ear and produce grain rate. The result indicated that the maize breeding should focus on large ear diameter, high seed weight, long ear, much row number per ear and other traits should in middle. We must correspond each relative factor to improve the yield of maize. In this study, many varieties and combinations were used to analyze the contribution of major agronomic traits to yield of maize, to aim to offer reference for breeding corn hybrid with good quality and high yield.