文心兰花芽分化的形态解剖特征及营养物质的动态变化

Morphological and anatomical characteristics along with nutrient content changes during flower bud differentiation in Oncidium

以文心兰‘百万金币’Oncidium‘Milliongolds’为材料,采用石蜡切片法观察了花芽分化过程中的形态学特征,比较了花芽分化过程中叶片可溶性糖、蛋白质和核酸质量分数的变化。研究表明:文心兰花芽的分化进程可以分为未分化期、花蕾原基分化期、萼片原基分化期、花瓣原基分化期、合蕊柱及花粉块分化期6个时期;花芽分化过程中可溶性糖在新芽初生期质量分数最高,之后呈下降趋势,在花芽分化完成时达到另一峰值;可溶性蛋白质量分数呈先降后升的趋势,蛋白质在新芽初生期质量分数最高;总核酸质量分数总体呈下降趋势。

The flower bud differentiation process of Oncidium ＇Milliongolds＇ was studied using the paraffin cut method with changes of soluble sugar,soluble protein,and nucleic acid contents in leaves being determined.Results showed that the flower budding process could be divided into six differentiation phases：undifferentiated,inflorescence primordium,flower primordium,sepal primordium,petal primordium,and column and pollinia.Also,in leaves,soluble sugar decreased sharply till reaching a minimum at the flower bud differentiation period followed by a stable increase;soluble protein decreased sharply and then increased;maximum protein content occurred in the new bud sprouting period;and nucleic acid content declined overall.