环保型防霉剂处理竹材的防霉效果

Performance of bamboo treated with environmentally sound anti-mould chemicals

采用5种竹木防霉剂对水竹Phyllostachys heteroclada,毛竹Phyllostachys pubescens,茶秆竹Pseudosasa ama-bilis进行了防霉试验研究。结果表明:随着时间的增加,防霉剂对竹材的防霉效果逐渐减弱。防霉剂的质量分数增大,处理材的载药量随着增大,其对应试样的防霉效果随着增强。不同防霉剂,对竹材表现出不同的防霉效果,竹材处理试样的防霉效果从强到弱分别是茶秆竹、毛竹和水竹。在第8～12周时,SMR,UD和PCP-Na防霉效果好于其他2种。但从防霉剂在6个月的防治效力来看,环保型防霉剂SMR处理竹材在6个月后的防霉效果与PCP-Na防霉剂的防治效力相当。

In order to develop a highly effective environmentally sound anti-mould agents for bamboo,four low-toxic anti-mould chemicals including UD（active ingredient：Didecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride）,GM（active ingredient：2-（Thiocyanatomethylthio） benzothiazole）,DCM（active ingredient：2-Methyl-4-Isothiazolin-3-one） and SMR（active ingredient：Isothiazolinones and 1,2-Benzisothiazolin-3-one etc.） were tested for their anti-mould efficacy on three bamboos Bambusa eutuldoides,Phyllostachys pubescens,and Arundinaria amabilis respectively,in comparision with conventional highly toxic anti-mould agent PCP-Na（sodium pentachlorophenate） which has been banned.The test results showed that the efficecy of anti-mould chemicals decreased with the lapse of exposure time,and treated bamboo with high retention of anti-mould chemicals performed better than that with lower retention.There were differences in mould prevention among anti-mould chemicals,and SMR,UD and PCP-Na performed better than GM and DCM after exposure for 8-12 weeks,and after exposure for 6 months,treated bamboo with environmentally sound anti-mould agent SMR was similar to that with highly toxic anti-mould agent PCP-Na,still kept very good performance in mould prevention,while teated bamboo with other three anti-mould chemicals were hardly mildewproof.Three species of bamboo performed also differently in mould resistance,among A.amabilis was the best,followed by Ph.pubescens and B.eutuldoides respectively.