东江源山地果畜结合系统“以种定养”定量化配置分析

Analysis on Quantitative Allocation of "Raising by Planting" in the Mountain's System Combining Fruits and Poultry in the Headwaters of Dongjiang River

[目的]促进东江源区山地果畜结合系统的养分循环利用,控制生猪养殖和脐橙种植产生的面源污染。[方法]以江西省定南县龙塘镇杏林农庄"猪-沼-果-鱼"生态农业模式为研究对象,在分析畜禽养殖粪尿排泄量与利用量的基础上,针对果园"养猪-沼气-果树-养鱼"四位一体的物质循环和能量梯级利用运行模式,对"以种定养"进行了定量化分析。[结果]基于果树对养分N的需求,每公顷脐橙园可承载的生猪为40.8头,配套建设沼气池28.2 m3,每年可培养浮萍17 500.05 kg,鱼塘可套养草鱼383.55条;每公顷温柑园可承载的生猪为29.4头,配套建设沼气池20.25 m3,每年可培养浮萍12 622.95 kg,可套养草鱼276.6条。[结论]该研究结果为在东江源区推广种养结合模式时匹配"猪-沼-果-鱼"间的量化关系提供了重要的科学参考依据。

[Objective] The aim was to promote nutrient cycling and utilization in the mountain＇s system combining fruits and poultry and to control non-point source pollution produced from swine raising and navel orange planting in headwaters of Dongjiang River.[Method] The quantitative analysis was mainly conducted for the so called ＂raising by planting＂ which is about material cycle in ＂pig-methane-fruit-fish＂ model and energy cascade utilization,based on the relationship between excreted amount by livestock and the utilized quantity in Xinlin Farm in Longtang Town,Dingnan County,Jiangxi Province.[Result] Considering N requirement by fruit trees,a navel orange orchard for per hectare could support about 40.8 pigs,the equipped biogas pool（28.2 m3） could support 17 500.05 kg of duckweeds each year and a fish pond could support 383.55 grass carps.In contrast,a satsuma orchard for per hectare could support about 29.4 pigs,the equipped biogas pool（20.25 m3） could support 12 622.95 kg duckweeds each year and the fish pond could support 276.6 grass carps.[Conclusion] The results provided scientific references for quantitative allocation of members in ＂pig-methane-fruit-fish＂ model when popularized in headwaters of Dongjiang River.