基于RS和GIS技术的山东省盐碱类湿地资源调查研究

Investigation on the Saline-alkali Wetland Resources in Shandong Province Based on the RS and GIS Techniques

基于Landsat TM遥感数据,采用计算机自动分类和目视解译相结合的方法,完成了山东省盐碱类湿地信息提取和分类。研究显示,滩涂湿地为第一大盐碱类湿地类型,所占面积比例为33.8%;第二大盐碱类湿地类型为盐田,所占面积比例为20.3%;其次是重盐碱化湿地,占18.5%。山东省盐碱类湿地以天然湿地为主,占盐碱类湿地总面积的60.1%。天然湿地的生物多样性、生态功能和价值远远高于人工湿地,而天然湿地数量减少、功能退化的趋势仍在继续,保护有限的天然湿地资源刻不容缓。

Based on the Landsat TM RS data,the saline-alkali wetland information was extracted and classified by the interaction of computer automatic classification and visual interpretation.Results showed that the tidal wetland was the largest saline-alkali wetlands type,accounting for 33.8%;brine pan was the second,accounting for 20.3%;severe saline-alkali wetlands was the third type,accounting for 18.5%.Natural wetland was the main saline-alkali wetlands type in Shandong Province,accounting for 60.1%.The ecology function,biodiversity and value of natural wetlands were bigger than that of constructed wetlands,but the amount reduction and function deterioration of natural wetlands still continued,the protection of limited natural wetlands resources was urgent.