以问题为基础的学习方法在内科护理学课堂教学中的应用与效果

Application of problem-based learning strategy in classroom teaching of Medical Nursing course

目的探讨以问题为基础的学习方法(problem-based learning,PBL)在内科护理学课程教学中的应用与效果。方法将某大学护理专业30名本科生分成4组,每组由2名导师组织针对脑卒中护理的PBL教学;教学效果评价采用问卷调查法,包括导师对学生表现的评价,学生对PBL课程的评价,以及学生对导师表现的评价。结果导师对学生表现的评价总分显著提高(P=0.027);学生认为PBL课程中"主持人充分发挥了应有的作用""有助于培养对文献的检索和利用能力""有助于培养评判性思维""有助于培养语言沟通能力",但没有"足够的时间和精力去做好充分的准备";学生对导师的评价中,"准备与态度""交流与反馈"的评分较高,"过程控制"的评分较低。结论 PBL教学方法有助于提高学生的综合能力;导师需要进一步加强对PBL教学过程的控制能力。

Objective To evaluate the effect of problem-based learning（PBL） strategy in classroom teaching of Medical Nursing course. Methods Totally 30 undergraduate nursing students received the PBL method in classroom teaching of nursing care of stroke patients. The students were divided into 4 groups and there were 2 tutors in each group. Questionnaire survey was used to evaluate the teaching effects in aspects of the tutors＇ evaluation on the students＇ performance in PBL, the students＇ evaluation on the PBL course and the students＇ evaluation on the tutors＇ performance in PBL. Results The tutors＇ evaluation on the students＇ performance in PBL improved（P=0.027）. The students thought that the moderator of each group had outstanding performance, PBL contributed to the students＇ development in exploring and utilizing literature, critical thinking and communicative language competence. But the students thought that they lacked sufficient time and energy for adequate preparation. The scores of tutors＇ performance were satisfied in several aspects such as preparation and attitudes, communication and feedback, but relatively low in controlling the process. Conclusions PBL method is beneficial for nursing students to improve their comprehensive abilities. Nursing tutors need to further enhance their ability in controlling the PBL process.