人胚胎小脑皮质中神经生长因子阳性神经元的形态学观察

Morphological Study on Development of Nerve Growth Factor-positive Neurons in the Cerebellum of Human Fetus

目的观察人胚胎小脑皮质中的神经生长因子(NGF)阳性神经元的生长发育并探讨其形态学规律。方法采用免疫组织化学方法对人胚胎小脑皮质NGF阳性神经元的发育进行观察,并检测积分吸光度(IA)。结果第3～4个月龄时,小脑室管层、中间层和边缘层内可见NGF阳性神经元细胞,胞体呈圆形,细胞有短小突起。第5～7个月龄时,NGF阳性神经元细胞数目增多,表达增强,胞体呈圆形、椭圆形或梭形,细胞体积增大;小脑蒲肯野细胞层有NGF阳性表达。第8个月龄时,NGF阳性反应增强,染色加深,蒲肯野细胞胞体逐渐增大,颗粒细胞层和分子层NGF阳性神经元数目增多。第3、4、5、6、7、8月龄组人胚胎小脑皮质中NGF阳性表达的IA值呈由弱到强的规律,每两个月龄组之间差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。结论小脑皮质NGF阳性神经元对小脑神经元的分化、增殖、迁移、生长具有重要作用。

To investigate the growth and development of nerve growth factor （NGF） positive neurons in the cerebellum of midanaphase human fetus. Methods The expression of the NGFpositive neurons in the cerebrum of human fetus was observed by immunohistochemical methods, and the integral absorbance （IA） was detected. Results By the 3 rd to 4th month of gestation, neurons was seen in the ependymal, central, and marginal plate of cerebellum; the nucleus was oval and the neurons had short and small processes. By the 5th to 7th month of gestation, the number of NGFpositive neurons increased, the expressions enhanced, the nucleus was round, oval, or fusiformshaped, the neurons grew larger in size, and the Purkinje cells showed NGFpositive expression. By the 8th to 10th month of gestation, the NGFpositive expression was enhanced with deeper dying, the body of Purkinje cells grew larger gradually, and the number of NGFpositive neurons in the granular cell layer and molecular layer increased. IA of the cerebellar cortical neurons of the3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th, 7th, and 8th month of gestation showed an increasing trend, and significant difference was observed （ P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusion NGFpositive neurons in the cerebellum play an importafft role for differentiation, proliferation, migration, and growth of neurons in the cerebellum.