鹿科麂属动物基因组演化研究进展

Research Advances in Genome Evolution of Muntjacs (Muntiacinae, Cervidae)

鹿科麂属(Muntiacus,Cervidae)在近两三百万年内经历了快速物种辐射,但其物种间核型差异大.5个现生种核型数显示,该类染色体数目范围从小麂(Muntiacus reevesi)的46条到赤麂(M.muntjak vaginalis)的6条.该类的因组在较短时间内发生了快速演化,使其成为进化生物学研究的理想材料.40多年来,技的革新使该领域的研究不断深入,染色体重排的类型、推动重排的分子制及物种间的核型演化历程逐渐被阐释.而且,研究中发现,雄性黑麂(M.crinifrons)1p+4染色体的演化途径与哺乳动物Y染色体的演化历程相似,可成为哺乳动物性染色体演化研究的珍贵模型.有关麂动物因组演化依有许多问题等待更加全面、深入的探讨.本文总结了该领域研究进展,并对未来研究热点进行了展望.

Muntjacs （Cervidae, Muntiacus） have undergone rapid speciation and radically karyotypic evolution during the past two or three million years, and the chromosome number of this group changes from 46 （Muntiacus reevesi） to 6 （M. muntjak vaginalis）, which made them perfect model for genome evolution studies. In more than 40 years, developments on research technology have led to the achievements of exciting investigation results in this field. The types, molecular mechanisms and history of chromosome rearrangements during the karyotypic evolution have been elucidated successively. What is more, new scientific values and research hotspots of muntjacs have been found, and there are still many problems waiting to be explored. In this paper, we review the research advances in genome evolution of muntjacs and make suggestion for future investigation.