硫化锑精矿湿法清洁冶金新工艺

A new process for cleaning hydrometallurgy of antimony sulfide

研究硫化锑精矿的浸出—净化—电积的闭路循环实验。考察温度、添加剂种类及浓度、Sb3+浓度和电流密度对沉积锑的形貌和质量的影响,得到避免爆锑形成的优化条件:阴极电流效率高达99%,每吨锑电耗约为1 200 kW.h。利用隔膜电积阳极室生成的SbCl5为浸出剂,得到SbCl5浸取硫化锑矿的最佳条件:温度为85℃,H+浓度为3.5 mol/L,液固比为8:1,SbCl5过量系数为理论量的1.1倍,浸出时间为1.5 h,在此条件下,硫化锑矿的浸出率达到99.5%。浸出液经过锑粉还原、硫化除重金属及Na3PO2除砷,得到的净化液用于电沉积能够得到质量良好的沉积物。

The experiment of leaching-purification and electrodeposition of antimony sulfide was carried out.The temperature,additives,antimony-ion concentration and current density on the deposition of antimony in morphology and quality were studied.In the optimal conditions obtained,explosive antimony can be avoided,the cathode efficiency reaches 99% and the power consumption is only about 1 200 kW-h per ton of antimony.Using the anolyte as leaching agent,the optimum conditions of extracting antimony sulfide by SbCl5 were obtained.The results show that with the experimental parameters of leaching temperature of 85 ℃,the concentration of H＋ of 3.5 mol/L,the ratio of liquid to solid of 8,the SbCl5 amount of 1.1 times of theoretic amount and the reaction time of 1.5,the leaching rate of antimony sulfide is 99.5%.Through the reduction of antimony powder,sulfide purifying of heavy metal and arsenic removal by Na3PO2,the leaching solution is pure enough to deposit high quality antimony.