公共外交与中美软实力战略

Public Diplomacy and China/U.S.Soft-power Strategies

全球化的发展和信息化的进程带来了国际政治权力资源的变化,文化、科技、知识和信息等软实力资源在国际关系中的地位日益凸显。这不仅催生了软实力理论的产生和发展,而且也影响了国家外交形式并正改变着外交的内容,由此公共外交在国际舞台上扮演着越来越重要的角色。软实力成为理解国际关系变化和外交政策的一个新的理论视角,理所当然地成为了公共外交的理论支撑,而公共外交本身也是软实力建设的重要内容和战略路径。中美软实力战略的差异导致了双方对公共外交认知的差异。本文在比较中美软实力战略的视角下,从公共外交的主体、受体、传播内容以及传播媒介等方面来分析美国公共外交的特点,同时从这四个方面来论述中国公共外交体系的构建。

Globalization and information revolution have brought about change of international political power resources,in that cultures,technology,knowledge,and information are looming large in international relations.This has not only rendered the creation and development of the soft-power theory,but also impacted the form and content of the national diplomacy.As a result,public diplomacy plays an increasingly greater role in the international arena.Soft-power has become a new theoretical viewpoint in comprehending the change of international relations and foreign policies.It has also become the theoretical support of the public diplomacy,while the latter itself is an important content and strategic path of the soft-power construction as well.By comparing China and U.S.soft-power strategies in terms of the subjects and objects of public diplomacy,contents of transmission,and the media of the transmission,this essay outlines the features of the U.S.public diplomacy and discusses on the construction of China's public diplomacy.